m6A in mRNA coding regions promotes translation via the RNA helicase-containing YTHDC2

Yuanhui Mao, Leiming Dong, Xiao-Min Liu, Jiayin Guo, Honghui Ma, Bin Shen and Shu-Bing Qian ()
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Yuanhui Mao: Cornell University
Leiming Dong: Cornell University
Xiao-Min Liu: Cornell University
Jiayin Guo: Nanjing Medical University
Honghui Ma: Tongji University School of Medicine
Bin Shen: Nanjing Medical University
Shu-Bing Qian: Cornell University

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Dynamic mRNA modification in the form of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) adds considerable richness and sophistication to gene regulation. The m6A mark is asymmetrically distributed along mature mRNAs, with approximately 35% of m6A residues located within the coding region (CDS). It has been suggested that methylation in CDS slows down translation elongation. However, neither the decoding feature of endogenous mRNAs nor the physiological significance of CDS m6A has been clearly defined. Here, we found that CDS m6A leads to ribosome pausing in a codon-specific manner. Unexpectedly, removing CDS m6A from these transcripts results in a further decrease of translation. A systemic analysis of RNA structural datasets revealed that CDS m6A positively regulates translation by resolving mRNA secondary structures. We further demonstrate that the elongation-promoting effect of CDS methylation requires the RNA helicase-containing m6A reader YTHDC2. Our findings established the physiological significance of CDS methylation and uncovered non-overlapping function of m6A reader proteins.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13317-9

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