Unprecedented Fe delivery from the Congo River margin to the South Atlantic Gyre

Lúcia H. Vieira (), Stephan Krisch, Mark J. Hopwood, Aaron J. Beck, Jan Scholten, Volker Liebetrau and Eric P. Achterberg
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Lúcia H. Vieira: GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel
Stephan Krisch: GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel
Mark J. Hopwood: GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel
Aaron J. Beck: GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel
Jan Scholten: University of Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 1
Volker Liebetrau: GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel
Eric P. Achterberg: GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Rivers are a major supplier of particulate and dissolved material to the ocean, but their role as sources of bio-essential dissolved iron (dFe) is thought to be limited due to rapid, efficient Fe removal during estuarine mixing. Here, we use trace element and radium isotope data to show that the influence of the Congo River margin on surface Fe concentrations is evident over 1000 km from the Congo outflow. Due to an unusual combination of high Fe input into the Congo-shelf-zone and rapid lateral transport, the Congo plume constitutes an exceptionally large offshore dFe flux of 6.8 ± 2.3 × 108 mol year−1. This corresponds to 40 ± 15% of atmospheric dFe input into the South Atlantic Ocean and makes a higher contribution to offshore Fe availability than any other river globally. The Congo River therefore contributes significantly to relieving Fe limitation of phytoplankton growth across much of the South Atlantic.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-14255-2

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