Horizontal transfer and evolution of transposable elements in vertebrates

Hua-Hao Zhang, Jean Peccoud, Min-Rui-Xuan Xu, Xiao-Gu Zhang () and Clément Gilbert ()
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Hua-Hao Zhang: Jiujiang University
Jean Peccoud: Université de Poitiers
Min-Rui-Xuan Xu: Jiujiang University
Xiao-Gu Zhang: Jiujiang University
Clément Gilbert: Université Paris-Saclay

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Horizontal transfer of transposable elements (HTT) is an important process shaping eukaryote genomes, yet very few studies have quantified this phenomenon on a large scale or have evaluated the selective constraints acting on transposable elements (TEs) during vertical and horizontal transmission. Here we screen 307 vertebrate genomes and infer a minimum of 975 independent HTT events between lineages that diverged more than 120 million years ago. HTT distribution greatly differs from null expectations, with 93.7% of these transfers involving ray-finned fishes and less than 3% involving mammals and birds. HTT incurs purifying selection (conserved protein evolution) on all TEs, confirming that producing functional transposition proteins is required for a TE to invade new genomes. In the absence of HTT, DNA transposons appear to evolve neutrally within genomes, unlike most retrotransposons, which evolve under purifying selection. This selection regime indicates that proteins of most retrotransposon families tend to process their own encoding RNA (cis-preference), which helps retrotransposons to persist within host lineages over long time periods.

Date: 2020
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:nat:natcom:v:11:y:2020:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-020-15149-4

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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15149-4

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