Genomic release-recapture experiment in the wild reveals within-generation polygenic selection in stickleback fish

Telma G. Laurentino (), Dario Moser, Marius Roesti, Matthias Ammann, Anja Frey, Fabrizia Ronco, Benjamin Kueng and Daniel Berner ()
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Telma G. Laurentino: University of Basel
Dario Moser: University of Basel
Marius Roesti: University of Bern
Matthias Ammann: University of Basel
Anja Frey: University of Basel
Fabrizia Ronco: University of Basel
Benjamin Kueng: University of Basel
Daniel Berner: University of Basel

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract How rapidly natural selection sorts genome-wide standing genetic variation during adaptation remains largely unstudied experimentally. Here, we present a genomic release-recapture experiment using paired threespine stickleback fish populations adapted to selectively different lake and stream habitats. First, we use pooled whole-genome sequence data from the original populations to identify hundreds of candidate genome regions likely under divergent selection between these habitats. Next, we generate F2 hybrids from the same lake-stream population pair in the laboratory and release thousands of juveniles into a natural stream habitat. Comparing the individuals surviving one year of stream selection to a reference sample of F2 hybrids allows us to detect frequency shifts across the candidate regions toward the genetic variants typical of the stream population—an experimental outcome consistent with polygenic directional selection. Our study reveals that adaptation in nature can be detected as a genome-wide signal over just a single generation.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15657-3

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