Global radiation in a rare biosphere soil diatom

Eveline Pinseel (), Steven B. Janssens, Elie Verleyen, Pieter Vanormelingen, Tyler J. Kohler, Elisabeth M. Biersma, Koen Sabbe, Bart Vijver and Wim Vyverman ()
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Eveline Pinseel: Ghent University
Steven B. Janssens: Meise Botanic Garden
Elie Verleyen: Ghent University
Pieter Vanormelingen: Ghent University
Tyler J. Kohler: Charles University
Elisabeth M. Biersma: British Antarctic Survey
Koen Sabbe: Ghent University
Bart Vijver: Meise Botanic Garden
Wim Vyverman: Ghent University

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract Soil micro-organisms drive the global carbon and nutrient cycles that underlie essential ecosystem functions. Yet, we are only beginning to grasp the drivers of terrestrial microbial diversity and biogeography, which presents a substantial barrier to understanding community dynamics and ecosystem functioning. This is especially true for soil protists, which despite their functional significance have received comparatively less interest than their bacterial counterparts. Here, we investigate the diversification of Pinnularia borealis, a rare biosphere soil diatom species complex, using a global sampling of >800 strains. We document unprecedented high levels of species-diversity, reflecting a global radiation since the Eocene/Oligocene global cooling. Our analyses suggest diversification was largely driven by colonization of novel geographic areas and subsequent evolution in isolation. These results illuminate our understanding of how protist diversity, biogeographical patterns, and members of the rare biosphere are generated, and suggest allopatric speciation to be a powerful mechanism for diversification of micro-organisms.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16181-0

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