HIV-associated gut dysbiosis is independent of sexual practice and correlates with noncommunicable diseases

I. Vujkovic-Cvijin, O. Sortino, E. Verheij, J. Sklar, F. W. Wit, N. A. Kootstra, B. Sellers, J. M. Brenchley, J. Ananworanich, M. Schim van der Loeff, Y. Belkaid, P. Reiss and I. Sereti ()
Additional contact information
I. Vujkovic-Cvijin: National Institutes of Health (NIH)
O. Sortino: National Cancer Institute
E. Verheij: Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Department of Global Health and Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, and Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development
J. Sklar: National Institutes of Health (NIH)
F. W. Wit: Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Department of Global Health and Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, and Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development
N. A. Kootstra: Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute
B. Sellers: National Institutes of Health
J. M. Brenchley: NIH
J. Ananworanich: Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Department of Global Health and Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, and Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development
M. Schim van der Loeff: Public Health Service of Amsterdam
Y. Belkaid: National Institutes of Health (NIH)
P. Reiss: Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Department of Global Health and Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, and Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development
I. Sereti: NIH

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: Abstract Loss of gut mucosal integrity and an aberrant gut microbiota are proposed mechanisms contributing to chronic inflammation and increased morbidity and mortality during antiretroviral-treated HIV disease. Sexual practice has recently been uncovered as a major source of microbiota variation, potentially confounding prior observations of gut microbiota alterations among persons with HIV (PWH). To overcome this and other confounding factors, we examine a well-powered subset of AGEhIV Cohort participants comprising antiretroviral-treated PWH and seronegative controls matched for age, body-mass index, sex, and sexual practice. We report significant gut microbiota differences in PWH regardless of sex and sexual practice including Gammaproteobacteria enrichment, Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae depletion, and decreased alpha diversity. Men who have sex with men (MSM) exhibit a distinct microbiota signature characterized by Prevotella enrichment and increased alpha diversity, which is linked with receptive anal intercourse in both males and females. Finally, the HIV-associated microbiota signature correlates with inflammatory markers including suPAR, nadir CD4 count, and prevalence of age-associated noncommunicable comorbidities.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16222-8

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