Skeletal muscle enhancer interactions identify genes controlling whole-body metabolism

Kristine Williams, Lars R. Ingerslev, Jette Bork-Jensen, Martin Wohlwend, Ann Normann Hansen, Lewin Small, Rasmus Ribel-Madsen, Arne Astrup, Oluf Pedersen, Johan Auwerx, Christopher T. Workman, Niels Grarup, Torben Hansen and Romain Barrès ()
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Kristine Williams: University of Copenhagen
Lars R. Ingerslev: University of Copenhagen
Jette Bork-Jensen: University of Copenhagen
Martin Wohlwend: Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Ann Normann Hansen: University of Copenhagen
Lewin Small: University of Copenhagen
Rasmus Ribel-Madsen: University of Copenhagen
Arne Astrup: University of Copenhagen
Oluf Pedersen: University of Copenhagen
Johan Auwerx: Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Christopher T. Workman: Technical University of Denmark
Niels Grarup: University of Copenhagen
Torben Hansen: University of Copenhagen
Romain Barrès: University of Copenhagen

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-16

Abstract: Abstract Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are metabolic disorders influenced by lifestyle and genetic factors that are characterized by insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, a prominent site of glucose disposal. Numerous genetic variants have been associated with obesity and T2D, of which the majority are located in non-coding DNA regions. This suggests that most variants mediate their effect by altering the activity of gene-regulatory elements, including enhancers. Here, we map skeletal muscle genomic enhancer elements that are dynamically regulated after exposure to the free fatty acid palmitate or the inflammatory cytokine TNFα. By overlapping enhancer positions with the location of disease-associated genetic variants, and resolving long-range chromatin interactions between enhancers and gene promoters, we identify target genes involved in metabolic dysfunction in skeletal muscle. The majority of these genes also associate with altered whole-body metabolic phenotypes in the murine BXD genetic reference population. Thus, our combined genomic investigations identified genes that are involved in skeletal muscle metabolism.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16537-6

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