Forelimb movements evoked by optogenetic stimulation of the macaque motor cortex

Hidenori Watanabe, Hiromi Sano, Satomi Chiken, Kenta Kobayashi, Yuko Fukata, Masaki Fukata, Hajime Mushiake () and Atsushi Nambu ()
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Hidenori Watanabe: Tohoku University School of Medicine
Hiromi Sano: National Institute for Physiological Sciences
Satomi Chiken: National Institute for Physiological Sciences
Kenta Kobayashi: SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies)
Yuko Fukata: SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies)
Masaki Fukata: SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies)
Hajime Mushiake: Tohoku University School of Medicine
Atsushi Nambu: National Institute for Physiological Sciences

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Optogenetics has become an indispensable tool for investigating brain functions. Although non-human primates are particularly useful models for understanding the functions and dysfunctions of the human brain, application of optogenetics to non-human primates is still limited. In the present study, we generate an effective adeno-associated viral vector serotype DJ to express channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) under the control of a strong ubiquitous CAG promoter and inject into the somatotopically identified forelimb region of the primary motor cortex in macaque monkeys. ChR2 is strongly expressed around the injection sites, and optogenetic intracortical microstimulation (oICMS) through a homemade optrode induces prominent cortical activity: Even single-pulse, short-duration oICMS evokes long-lasting repetitive firings of cortical neurons. In addition, oICMS elicits distinct forelimb movements and muscle activity, which are comparable to those elicited by conventional electrical ICMS. The present study removes obstacles to optogenetic manipulation of neuronal activity and behaviors in non-human primates.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16883-5

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