Sub-picosecond thermalization dynamics in condensation of strongly coupled lattice plasmons

Aaro I. Väkeväinen, Antti J. Moilanen, Marek Nečada, Tommi K. Hakala, Konstantinos S. Daskalakis and Päivi Törmä ()
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Aaro I. Väkeväinen: Aalto University School of Science
Antti J. Moilanen: Aalto University School of Science
Marek Nečada: Aalto University School of Science
Tommi K. Hakala: University of Eastern Finland
Konstantinos S. Daskalakis: Aalto University School of Science
Päivi Törmä: Aalto University School of Science

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract Bosonic condensates offer exciting prospects for studies of non-equilibrium quantum dynamics. Understanding the dynamics is particularly challenging in the sub-picosecond timescales typical for room temperature luminous driven-dissipative condensates. Here we combine a lattice of plasmonic nanoparticles with dye molecule solution at the strong coupling regime, and pump the molecules optically. The emitted light reveals three distinct regimes: one-dimensional lasing, incomplete stimulated thermalization, and two-dimensional multimode condensation. The condensate is achieved by matching the thermalization rate with the lattice size and occurs only for pump pulse durations below a critical value. Our results give access to control and monitoring of thermalization processes and condensate formation at sub-picosecond timescale.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16906-1

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