On-chip coherent microwave-to-optical transduction mediated by ytterbium in YVO4

John G. Bartholomew, Jake Rochman, Tian Xie, Jonathan M. Kindem, Andrei Ruskuc, Ioana Craiciu, Mi Lei and Andrei Faraon ()
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John G. Bartholomew: California Institute of Technology
Jake Rochman: California Institute of Technology
Tian Xie: California Institute of Technology
Jonathan M. Kindem: California Institute of Technology
Andrei Ruskuc: California Institute of Technology
Ioana Craiciu: California Institute of Technology
Mi Lei: California Institute of Technology
Andrei Faraon: California Institute of Technology

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-6

Abstract: Abstract Optical networks that distribute entanglement among various quantum systems will form a powerful framework for quantum science but are yet to interface with leading quantum hardware such as superconducting qubits. Consequently, these systems remain isolated because microwave links at room temperature are noisy and lossy. Building long distance connectivity requires interfaces that map quantum information between microwave and optical fields. While preliminary microwave-to-optical transducers have been realized, developing efficient, low-noise devices that match superconducting qubit frequencies (gigahertz) and bandwidths (10 kilohertz – 1 megahertz) remains a challenge. Here we demonstrate a proof-of-concept on-chip transducer using trivalent ytterbium-171 ions in yttrium orthovanadate coupled to a nanophotonic waveguide and a microwave transmission line. The device′s miniaturization, material, and zero-magnetic-field operation are important advances for rare-earth ion magneto-optical devices. Further integration with high quality factor microwave and optical resonators will enable efficient transduction and create opportunities toward multi-platform quantum networks.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16996-x

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