Immunological and inflammatory profiles in mild and severe cases of COVID-19

Jin-Wen Song, Chao Zhang, Xing Fan, Fan-Ping Meng, Zhe Xu, Peng Xia, Wen-Jing Cao, Tao Yang, Xiao-Peng Dai, Si-Yu Wang, Ruo-Nan Xu, Tian-Jun Jiang, Wen-Gang Li, Da-Wei Zhang, Peng Zhao, Ming Shi, Chiara Agrati, Giuseppe Ippolito, Markus Maeurer, Alimuddin Zumla, Fu-Sheng Wang () and Ji-Yuan Zhang ()
Additional contact information
Jin-Wen Song: National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases
Chao Zhang: National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases
Xing Fan: National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases
Fan-Ping Meng: National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases
Zhe Xu: National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases
Peng Xia: National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases
Wen-Jing Cao: National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases
Tao Yang: National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases
Xiao-Peng Dai: National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases
Si-Yu Wang: National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases
Ruo-Nan Xu: National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases
Tian-Jun Jiang: National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases
Wen-Gang Li: National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases
Da-Wei Zhang: National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases
Peng Zhao: National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases
Ming Shi: National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases
Chiara Agrati: National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS- Via Portuense
Giuseppe Ippolito: National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS- Via Portuense
Markus Maeurer: Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown
Alimuddin Zumla: University College London
Fu-Sheng Wang: National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases
Ji-Yuan Zhang: National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract COVID-19 is associated with 5.1% mortality. Although the virological, epidemiological, clinical, and management outcome features of COVID-19 patients have been defined rapidly, the inflammatory and immune profiles require definition as they influence pathogenesis and clinical expression of COVID-19. Here we show lymphopenia, selective loss of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells and NK cells, excessive T-cell activation and high expression of T-cell inhibitory molecules are more prominent in severe cases than in those with mild disease. CD8+ T cells in patients with severe disease express high levels of cytotoxic molecules. Histochemical studies of lung tissue from one fatality show sub-anatomical distributions of SARS-CoV-2 RNA and massive infiltration of T cells and macrophages. Thus, aberrant activation and dysregulation of CD8+ T cells occur in patients with severe COVID-19 disease, an effect that might be for pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection and indicate that immune-based targets for therapeutic interventions constitute a promising treatment for severe COVID-19 patients.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17240-2

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