Nanoelectromechanical modulation of a strongly-coupled plasmonic dimer

Jung-Hwan Song, Søren Raza (), Jorik Groep, Ju-Hyung Kang, Qitong Li, Pieter G. Kik and Mark L. Brongersma ()
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Jung-Hwan Song: Stanford University
Søren Raza: Technical University of Denmark
Jorik Groep: Stanford University
Ju-Hyung Kang: Stanford University
Qitong Li: Stanford University
Pieter G. Kik: University of Central Florida
Mark L. Brongersma: Stanford University

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-7

Abstract: Abstract The ability of two nearly-touching plasmonic nanoparticles to squeeze light into a nanometer gap has provided a myriad of fundamental insights into light–matter interaction. In this work, we construct a nanoelectromechanical system (NEMS) that capitalizes on the unique, singular behavior that arises at sub-nanometer particle-spacings to create an electro-optical modulator. Using in situ electron energy loss spectroscopy in a transmission electron microscope, we map the spectral and spatial changes in the plasmonic modes as they hybridize and evolve from a weak to a strong coupling regime. In the strongly-coupled regime, we observe a very large mechanical tunability (~250 meV/nm) of the bonding-dipole plasmon resonance of the dimer at ~1 nm gap spacing, right before detrimental quantum effects set in. We leverage our findings to realize a prototype NEMS light-intensity modulator operating at ~10 MHz and with a power consumption of only 4 fJ/bit.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20273-2

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