Soliton microcomb based spectral domain optical coherence tomography

Paul J. Marchand (), Johann Riemensberger, J. Connor Skehan, Jia-Jung Ho, Martin H. P. Pfeiffer, Junqiu Liu, Christoph Hauger, Theo Lasser and Tobias J. Kippenberg ()
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Paul J. Marchand: Laboratoire d’optique biomédicale (LOB)
Johann Riemensberger: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne
J. Connor Skehan: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne
Jia-Jung Ho: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne
Martin H. P. Pfeiffer: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne
Junqiu Liu: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne
Christoph Hauger: Carl Zeiss Meditec AG
Theo Lasser: Laboratoire d’optique biomédicale (LOB)
Tobias J. Kippenberg: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a widely employed, minimally invasive bio-medical imaging technique, which requires a broadband light source, typically implemented by super-luminescent diodes. Recent advances in soliton based photonic integrated frequency combs (soliton microcombs) have enabled the development of low-noise, broadband chipscale frequency comb sources, whose potential for OCT imaging has not yet been unexplored. Here, we explore the use of dissipative Kerr soliton microcombs in spectral domain OCT and show that, by using photonic chipscale Si3N4 resonators in conjunction with 1300 nm pump lasers, spectral bandwidths exceeding those of commercial OCT sources are possible. We characterized the exceptional noise properties of our source (in comparison to conventional OCT sources) and demonstrate that the soliton states in microresonators exhibit a residual intensity noise floor at high offset frequencies that is ca. 3 dB lower than a traditional OCT source at identical power, and can exhibit significantly lower noise performance for powers at the milli-Watt level. Moreover, we demonstrate that classical amplitude noise of all soliton comb teeth are correlated, i.e., common mode, in contrast to superluminescent diodes or incoherent microcomb states, which opens a new avenue to improve imaging speed and performance beyond the thermal noise limit.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20404-9

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