A diet-microbial metabolism feedforward loop modulates intestinal stem cell renewal in the stressed gut

Yuanlong Hou, Wei Wei, Xiaojing Guan, Yali Liu, Gaorui Bian, Dandan He, Qilin Fan, Xiaoying Cai, Youying Zhang, Guangji Wang, Xiao Zheng () and Haiping Hao ()
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Yuanlong Hou: China Pharmaceutical University
Wei Wei: China Pharmaceutical University
Xiaojing Guan: China Pharmaceutical University
Yali Liu: China Pharmaceutical University
Gaorui Bian: Tianyi Health Sciences Institute (Zhenjiang)
Dandan He: China Pharmaceutical University
Qilin Fan: China Pharmaceutical University
Xiaoying Cai: China Pharmaceutical University
Youying Zhang: China Pharmaceutical University
Guangji Wang: China Pharmaceutical University
Xiao Zheng: China Pharmaceutical University
Haiping Hao: China Pharmaceutical University

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: Abstract Dietary patterns and psychosocial factors, ubiquitous part of modern lifestyle, critically shape the gut microbiota and human health. However, it remains obscure how dietary and psychosocial inputs coordinately modulate the gut microbiota and host impact. Here, we show that dietary raffinose metabolism to fructose couples stress-induced gut microbial remodeling to intestinal stem cells (ISC) renewal and epithelial homeostasis. Chow diet (CD) and purified diet (PD) confer distinct vulnerability to gut epithelial injury, microbial alternation and ISC dysfunction in chronically restrained mice. CD preferably enriches Lactobacillus reuteri, and its colonization is sufficient to rescue stress-triggered epithelial injury. Mechanistically, dietary raffinose sustains Lactobacillus reuteri growth, which in turn metabolizes raffinose to fructose and thereby constituting a feedforward metabolic loop favoring ISC maintenance during stress. Fructose augments and engages glycolysis to fuel ISC proliferation. Our data reveal a diet-stress interplay that dictates microbial metabolism-shaped ISC turnover and is exploitable for alleviating gut disorders.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20673-4

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