Moulding hydrodynamic 2D-crystals upon parametric Faraday waves in shear-functionalized water surfaces

Mikheil Kharbedia, Niccolò Caselli, Diego Herráez-Aguilar, Horacio López-Menéndez, Eduardo Enciso, José A. Santiago and Francisco Monroy ()
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Mikheil Kharbedia: Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n
Niccolò Caselli: Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n
Diego Herráez-Aguilar: Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Ctra. Pozuelo-Majadahonda
Horacio López-Menéndez: Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n
Eduardo Enciso: Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n
José A. Santiago: Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n
Francisco Monroy: Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Faraday waves, or surface waves oscillating at half of the natural frequency when a liquid is vertically vibrated, are archetypes of ordering transitions on liquid surfaces. Although unbounded Faraday waves patterns sustained upon bulk frictional stresses have been reported in highly viscous fluids, the role of surface rigidity has not been investigated so far. Here, we demonstrate that dynamically frozen Faraday waves—that we call 2D-hydrodynamic crystals—do appear as ordered patterns of nonlinear gravity-capillary modes in water surfaces functionalized with soluble (bio)surfactants endowing in-plane shear stiffness. The phase coherence in conjunction with the increased surface rigidity bears the Faraday waves ordering transition, upon which the hydrodynamic crystals were reversibly molded under parametric control of their degree of order, unit cell size and symmetry. The hydrodynamic crystals here discovered could be exploited in touchless strategies of soft matter and biological scaffolding ameliorated under external control of Faraday waves coherence.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21403-0

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