Dipolar-stabilized first and second-order antiskyrmions in ferrimagnetic multilayers

Michael Heigl (), Sabri Koraltan, Marek Vaňatka, Robert Kraft, Claas Abert, Christoph Vogler, Anna Semisalova, Ping Che, Aladin Ullrich, Timo Schmidt, Julian Hintermayr, Dirk Grundler, Michael Farle, Michal Urbánek, Dieter Suess and Manfred Albrecht
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Michael Heigl: University of Augsburg
Sabri Koraltan: University of Vienna
Marek Vaňatka: CEITEC BUT, Brno University of Technology
Robert Kraft: University of Vienna
Claas Abert: University of Vienna
Christoph Vogler: University of Vienna
Anna Semisalova: University of Duisburg-Essen
Ping Che: Institute of Materials (IMX), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Aladin Ullrich: University of Augsburg
Timo Schmidt: University of Augsburg
Julian Hintermayr: University of Augsburg
Dirk Grundler: Institute of Materials (IMX), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Michael Farle: University of Duisburg-Essen
Michal Urbánek: CEITEC BUT, Brno University of Technology
Dieter Suess: University of Vienna
Manfred Albrecht: University of Augsburg

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Skyrmions and antiskyrmions are topologically protected spin structures with opposite vorticities. Particularly in coexisting phases, these two types of magnetic quasi-particles may show fascinating physics and potential for spintronic devices. While skyrmions are observed in a wide range of materials, until now antiskyrmions were exclusive to materials with D2d symmetry. In this work, we show first and second-order antiskyrmions stabilized by magnetic dipole–dipole interaction in Fe/Gd-based multilayers. We modify the magnetic properties of the multilayers by Ir insertion layers. Using Lorentz transmission electron microscopy imaging, we observe coexisting antiskyrmions, Bloch skyrmions, and type-2 bubbles and determine the range of material properties and magnetic fields where the different spin objects form and dissipate. We perform micromagnetic simulations to obtain more insight into the studied system and conclude that the reduction of saturation magnetization and uniaxial magnetic anisotropy leads to the existence of this zoo of different spin objects and that they are primarily stabilized by dipolar interaction.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22600-7

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