Device-independent quantum key distribution with random key basis

René Schwonnek, Koon Tong Goh, Ignatius W. Primaatmaja, Ernest Y.-Z. Tan, Ramona Wolf, Valerio Scarani and Charles C.-W. Lim ()
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René Schwonnek: National University of Singapore
Koon Tong Goh: National University of Singapore
Ignatius W. Primaatmaja: National University of Singapore
Ernest Y.-Z. Tan: Institute for Theoretical Physics, ETH Zürich
Ramona Wolf: Institut für Theoretische Physik, Leibniz Universität Hannover
Valerio Scarani: National University of Singapore
Charles C.-W. Lim: National University of Singapore

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Device-independent quantum key distribution (DIQKD) is the art of using untrusted devices to distribute secret keys in an insecure network. It thus represents the ultimate form of cryptography, offering not only information-theoretic security against channel attacks, but also against attacks exploiting implementation loopholes. In recent years, much progress has been made towards realising the first DIQKD experiments, but current proposals are just out of reach of today’s loophole-free Bell experiments. Here, we significantly narrow the gap between the theory and practice of DIQKD with a simple variant of the original protocol based on the celebrated Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) Bell inequality. By using two randomly chosen key generating bases instead of one, we show that our protocol significantly improves over the original DIQKD protocol, enabling positive keys in the high noise regime for the first time. We also compute the finite-key security of the protocol for general attacks, showing that approximately 108–1010 measurement rounds are needed to achieve positive rates using state-of-the-art experimental parameters. Our proposed DIQKD protocol thus represents a highly promising path towards the first realisation of DIQKD in practice.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23147-3

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