Robust and durable serological response following pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection

Hanna Renk, Alex Dulovic, Alina Seidel, Matthias Becker, Dorit Fabricius, Maria Zernickel, Daniel Junker, Rüdiger Groß, Janis Müller, Alexander Hilger, Sebastian F. N. Bode, Linus Fritsch, Pauline Frieh, Anneke Haddad, Tessa Görne, Jonathan Remppis, Tina Ganzemueller, Andrea Dietz, Daniela Huzly, Hartmut Hengel, Klaus Kaier, Susanne Weber, Eva-Maria Jacobsen, Philipp D. Kaiser, Bjoern Traenkle, Ulrich Rothbauer, Maximilian Stich, Burkhard Tönshoff, Georg F. Hoffmann, Barbara Müller, Carolin Ludwig, Bernd Jahrsdörfer, Hubert Schrezenmeier, Andreas Peter, Sebastian Hörber, Thomas Iftner, Jan Münch, Thomas Stamminger, Hans-Jürgen Groß, Martin Wolkewitz, Corinna Engel, Weimin Liu, Marta Rizzi, Beatrice H. Hahn, Philipp Henneke, Axel R. Franz, Klaus-Michael Debatin, Nicole Schneiderhan-Marra, Ales Janda and Roland Elling ()
Additional contact information
Hanna Renk: University Children’s Hospital Tübingen
Alex Dulovic: NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen
Alina Seidel: Ulm University Medical Center
Matthias Becker: NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen
Dorit Fabricius: Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm University
Maria Zernickel: Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm University
Daniel Junker: NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen
Rüdiger Groß: Ulm University Medical Center
Janis Müller: Ulm University Medical Center
Alexander Hilger: University of Freiburg
Sebastian F. N. Bode: Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm University
Linus Fritsch: University of Freiburg
Pauline Frieh: University of Freiburg
Anneke Haddad: University of Freiburg
Tessa Görne: University of Freiburg
Jonathan Remppis: University Children’s Hospital Tübingen
Tina Ganzemueller: University Hospital Tübingen
Andrea Dietz: Ulm University Medical Center
Daniela Huzly: Germany and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg
Hartmut Hengel: Germany and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg
Klaus Kaier: University of Freiburg
Susanne Weber: University of Freiburg
Eva-Maria Jacobsen: Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm University
Philipp D. Kaiser: NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen
Bjoern Traenkle: NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen
Ulrich Rothbauer: NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen
Maximilian Stich: University Children’s Hospital Heidelberg
Burkhard Tönshoff: University Children’s Hospital Heidelberg
Georg F. Hoffmann: University Children’s Hospital Heidelberg
Barbara Müller: Virology, Heidelberg University Hospital
Carolin Ludwig: Ulm University
Bernd Jahrsdörfer: Ulm University
Hubert Schrezenmeier: Ulm University
Andreas Peter: University Hospital Tübingen
Sebastian Hörber: University Hospital Tübingen
Thomas Iftner: University Hospital Tübingen
Jan Münch: Ulm University Medical Center
Thomas Stamminger: Ulm University Medical Center
Hans-Jürgen Groß: Ulm University
Martin Wolkewitz: University of Freiburg
Corinna Engel: University Children’s Hospital Tübingen
Weimin Liu: University of Pennsylvania
Marta Rizzi: University of Freiburg
Beatrice H. Hahn: University of Pennsylvania
Philipp Henneke: University of Freiburg
Axel R. Franz: University Children’s Hospital Tübingen
Klaus-Michael Debatin: Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm University
Nicole Schneiderhan-Marra: NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen
Ales Janda: Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm University
Roland Elling: University of Freiburg

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract The quality and persistence of children’s humoral immune response following SARS-CoV-2 infection remains largely unknown but will be crucial to guide pediatric SARS-CoV-2 vaccination programs. Here, we examine 548 children and 717 adults within 328 households with at least one member with a previous laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. We assess serological response at 3–4 months and 11–12 months after infection using a bead-based multiplex immunoassay for 23 human coronavirus antigens including SARS-CoV-2 and its Variants of Concern (VOC) and endemic human coronaviruses (HCoVs), and additionally by three commercial SARS-CoV-2 antibody assays. Neutralization against wild type SARS-CoV-2 and the Delta VOC are analysed in a pseudotyped virus assay. Children, compared to adults, are five times more likely to be asymptomatic, and have higher specific antibody levels which persist longer (96.2% versus 82.9% still seropositive 11–12 months post infection). Of note, symptomatic and asymptomatic infections induce similar humoral responses in all age groups. SARS-CoV-2 infection occurs independent of HCoV serostatus. Neutralization responses of children and adults are similar, although neutralization is reduced for both against the Delta VOC. Overall, the long-term humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection in children is of longer duration than in adults even after asymptomatic infection.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27595-9

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