A fungal extracellular effector inactivates plant polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein

Wei Wei, Liangsheng Xu, Hao Peng, Wenjun Zhu, Kiwamu Tanaka, Jiasen Cheng, Karen A. Sanguinet, George Vandemark and Weidong Chen ()
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Wei Wei: Washington State University
Liangsheng Xu: Northwestern A&F University
Hao Peng: Washington State University
Wenjun Zhu: Wuhan Polytechnic University
Kiwamu Tanaka: Washington State University
Jiasen Cheng: Huazhong Agricultural University
Karen A. Sanguinet: Washington State University
George Vandemark: Washington State University
Weidong Chen: Washington State University

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: Abstract Plant pathogens degrade cell wall through secreted polygalacturonases (PGs) during infection. Plants counteract the PGs by producing PG-inhibiting proteins (PGIPs) for protection, reversibly binding fungal PGs, and mitigating their hydrolytic activities. To date, how fungal pathogens specifically overcome PGIP inhibition is unknown. Here, we report an effector, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum PGIP-INactivating Effector 1 (SsPINE1), which directly interacts with and functionally inactivates PGIP. S. sclerotiorum is a necrotrophic fungus that causes stem rot diseases on more than 600 plant species with tissue maceration being the most prominent symptom. SsPINE1 enhances S. sclerotiorum necrotrophic virulence by specifically interacting with host PGIPs to negate their polygalacturonase-inhibiting function via enhanced dissociation of PGIPs from PGs. Targeted deletion of SsPINE1 reduces the fungal virulence. Ectopic expression of SsPINE1 in plant reduces its resistance against S. sclerotiorum. Functional and genomic analyses reveal a conserved virulence mechanism of cognate PINE1 proteins in broad host range necrotrophic fungal pathogens.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29788-2

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