Duration of protection of CoronaVac plus heterologous BNT162b2 booster in the Omicron period in Brazil

Thiago Cerqueira-Silva, Vinicius Araujo Oliveira, Enny S. Paixão, Juracy Bertoldo Júnior, Gerson O. Penna, Guilherme L. Werneck, Neil Pearce, Maurício L. Barreto, Viviane S. Boaventura () and Manoel Barral-Netto
Additional contact information
Thiago Cerqueira-Silva: Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fiocruz
Vinicius Araujo Oliveira: Universidade Federal da Bahia
Enny S. Paixão: London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
Juracy Bertoldo Júnior: Universidade Federal da Bahia
Gerson O. Penna: Universidade de Brasília. Escola Fiocruz de Governo
Guilherme L. Werneck: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Neil Pearce: London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
Maurício L. Barreto: Universidade Federal da Bahia
Viviane S. Boaventura: Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fiocruz
Manoel Barral-Netto: Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fiocruz

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-6

Abstract: Abstract To date, no information has been published on the effectiveness of inactivated whole-virus COVID-19 vaccines plus heterologous booster against symptomatic infection and severe outcomes (hospitalization or death) during the dominance of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant period. We evaluated the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of CoronaVac plus BNT162b2 booster during the period of dominance of the Omicron variant in Brazil (January to April 2022). Using a test-negative design, we analysed data for 2,471,576 individuals tested during the Omicron variant’s dominant period using a nationally linked database from Brazil. Compared to unvaccinated, vaccinees maintained protection against severe outcomes, with an estimated VE of 84.1% (95% CI:83.2–84.9) at more than 120 days after BNT162b2 booster. Furthermore, while we detected a high level of protection against severe outcomes for individuals up to 79 years old, waning was observed for individuals aged ≥80 years, with VE decreasing from 81.3% (95% CI:77.9–84.2) at 31–60 days to 72.9% (95% CI:70.6–75.1) at 120 days or more after the booster dose. However, no significant protection against symptomatic infection was observed at this time period. In conclusion, except for individuals aged ≥80 years, CoronaVac plus a BNT162b2 booster dose offered high and durable protection against severe outcomes due to Omicron.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31839-7

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