Comparative immunogenicity and reactogenicity of heterologous ChAdOx1-nCoV-19-priming and BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273-boosting with homologous COVID-19 vaccine regimens

Verena Klemis, Tina Schmidt, David Schub, Janine Mihm, Stefanie Marx, Amina Abu-Omar, Laura Ziegler, Franziska Hielscher, Candida Guckelmus, Rebecca Urschel, Stefan Wagenpfeil, Sophie Schneitler, Sören L. Becker, Barbara C. Gärtner, Urban Sester and Martina Sester ()
Additional contact information
Verena Klemis: Saarland University
Tina Schmidt: Saarland University
David Schub: Saarland University
Janine Mihm: Saarland University
Stefanie Marx: Saarland University
Amina Abu-Omar: Saarland University
Laura Ziegler: Saarland University
Franziska Hielscher: Saarland University
Candida Guckelmus: Saarland University
Rebecca Urschel: Saarland University
Stefan Wagenpfeil: Saarland University, Campus Homburg/Saar
Sophie Schneitler: Saarland University
Sören L. Becker: Saarland University
Barbara C. Gärtner: Saarland University
Urban Sester: Saarland University
Martina Sester: Saarland University

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Comparative analyses of the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of homologous and heterologous SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-regimens will inform optimized vaccine strategies. Here we analyze the humoral and cellular immune response following heterologous and homologous vaccination strategies in a convenience cohort of 331 healthy individuals. All regimens induce immunity to the vaccine antigen. Immunity after vaccination with ChAdOx1-nCoV-19 followed by either BNT162b2 (n = 66) or mRNA-1273 (n = 101) is equivalent to or more pronounced than homologous mRNA-regimens (n = 43 BNT162b2, n = 59 mRNA-1273) or homologous ChAdOx1-nCoV-19 vaccination (n = 62). We note highest levels of spike-specific CD8 T-cells following both heterologous regimens. Among mRNA-containing combinations, spike-specific CD4 T-cell levels in regimens including mRNA-1273 are higher than respective combinations with BNT162b2. Polyfunctional T-cell levels are highest in regimens based on ChAdOx1-nCoV-19-priming. All five regimens are well tolerated with most pronounced reactogenicity upon ChAdOx1-nCoV-19-priming, and ChAdOx1-nCoV-19/mRNA-1273-boosting. In conclusion, we present comparative analyses of immunogenicity and reactogenicity for heterologous vector/mRNA-boosting and homologous mRNA-regimens.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32321-0

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