Early warning signal for a tipping point suggested by a millennial Atlantic Multidecadal Variability reconstruction

Simon L. L. Michel (), Didier Swingedouw, Pablo Ortega, Guillaume Gastineau, Juliette Mignot, Gerard McCarthy and Myriam Khodri
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Simon L. L. Michel: Utrecht University
Didier Swingedouw: Université de Bordeaux, Allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire
Pablo Ortega: Campus Nord UPC
Guillaume Gastineau: Sorbonne université-CNRS-IRD-MNHN
Juliette Mignot: Sorbonne université-CNRS-IRD-MNHN
Gerard McCarthy: Maynooth University
Myriam Khodri: Sorbonne université-CNRS-IRD-MNHN

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: Abstract Atlantic multidecadal variability is a coherent mode of natural climate variability occurring in the North Atlantic Ocean, with strong impacts on human societies and ecosystems worldwide. However, its periodicity and drivers are widely debated due to the short temporal extent of instrumental observations and competing effects of both internal and external climate factors acting on North Atlantic surface temperature variability. Here, we use a paleoclimate database and an advanced statistical framework to generate, evaluate, and compare 312 reconstructions of the Atlantic multidecadal variability over the past millennium, based on different indices and regression methods. From this process, the best reconstruction is obtained with the random forest method, and its robustness is checked using climate model outputs and independent oceanic paleoclimate data. This reconstruction shows that memory in variations of Atlantic multidecadal variability have strongly increased recently—a potential early warning signal for the approach of a North Atlantic tipping point.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32704-3

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