A photoacoustic patch for three-dimensional imaging of hemoglobin and core temperature

Xiaoxiang Gao, Xiangjun Chen, Hongjie Hu, Xinyu Wang, Wentong Yue, Jing Mu, Zhiyuan Lou, Ruiqi Zhang, Keren Shi, Xue Chen, Muyang Lin, Baiyan Qi, Sai Zhou, Chengchangfeng Lu, Yue Gu, Xinyi Yang, Hong Ding, Yangzhi Zhu, Hao Huang, Yuxiang Ma, Mohan Li, Aditya Mishra, Joseph Wang and Sheng Xu ()
Additional contact information
Xiaoxiang Gao: University of California San Diego
Xiangjun Chen: University of California San Diego
Hongjie Hu: University of California San Diego
Xinyu Wang: University of California San Diego
Wentong Yue: University of California San Diego
Jing Mu: University of California San Diego
Zhiyuan Lou: University of California San Diego
Ruiqi Zhang: University of California San Diego
Keren Shi: University of California San Diego
Xue Chen: University of California San Diego
Muyang Lin: University of California San Diego
Baiyan Qi: University of California San Diego
Sai Zhou: University of California San Diego
Chengchangfeng Lu: University of California San Diego
Yue Gu: University of California San Diego
Xinyi Yang: University of California San Diego
Hong Ding: University of California San Diego
Yangzhi Zhu: University of California San Diego
Hao Huang: University of California San Diego
Yuxiang Ma: University of California San Diego
Mohan Li: University of California San Diego
Aditya Mishra: University of California San Diego
Joseph Wang: University of California San Diego
Sheng Xu: University of California San Diego

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract Electronic patches, based on various mechanisms, allow continuous and noninvasive monitoring of biomolecules on the skin surface. However, to date, such devices are unable to sense biomolecules in deep tissues, which have a stronger and faster correlation with the human physiological status than those on the skin surface. Here, we demonstrate a photoacoustic patch for three-dimensional (3D) mapping of hemoglobin in deep tissues. This photoacoustic patch integrates an array of ultrasonic transducers and vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) diodes on a common soft substrate. The high-power VCSEL diodes can generate laser pulses that penetrate >2 cm into biological tissues and activate hemoglobin molecules to generate acoustic waves, which can be collected by the transducers for 3D imaging of the hemoglobin with a high spatial resolution. Additionally, the photoacoustic signal amplitude and temperature have a linear relationship, which allows 3D mapping of core temperatures with high accuracy and fast response. With access to biomolecules in deep tissues, this technology adds unprecedented capabilities to wearable electronics and thus holds significant implications for various applications in both basic research and clinical practice.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35455-3

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