Nonlinear transport and radio frequency rectification in BiTeBr at room temperature

Xiu Fang Lu, Cheng-Ping Zhang, Naizhou Wang, Dan Zhao, Xin Zhou, Weibo Gao, Xian Hui Chen, K. T. Law () and Kian Ping Loh ()
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Xiu Fang Lu: National University of Singapore
Cheng-Ping Zhang: Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Naizhou Wang: Nanyang Technological University
Dan Zhao: University of Science and Technology of China
Xin Zhou: National University of Singapore
Weibo Gao: Nanyang Technological University
Xian Hui Chen: University of Science and Technology of China
K. T. Law: Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Kian Ping Loh: National University of Singapore

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Materials showing second-order nonlinear transport under time reversal symmetry can be used for Radio Frequency (RF) rectification, but practical application demands room temperature operation and sensitivity to microwatts level RF signals in the ambient. In this study, we demonstrate that BiTeBr exhibits a giant nonlinear response which persists up to 350 K. Through scaling and symmetry analysis, we show that skew scattering is the dominant mechanism. Additionally, the sign of the nonlinear response can be electrically switched by tuning the Fermi energy. Theoretical analysis suggests that the large Rashba spin-orbit interactions (SOI), which gives rise to the chirality of the Bloch electrons, provide the microscopic origin of the observed nonlinear response. Our BiTeBr rectifier is capable of rectifying radiation within the frequency range of 0.2 to 6 gigahertz at room temperature, even at extremely low power levels of −15 dBm, and without the need for external biasing. Our work highlights that materials exhibiting large Rashba SOI have the potential to exhibit nonlinear responses at room temperature, making them promising candidates for harvesting high-frequency and low-power ambient electromagnetic energy.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44439-w

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