A statistical resolution measure of fluorescence microscopy with finite photons

Yilun Li and Fang Huang ()
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Yilun Li: Purdue University
Fang Huang: Purdue University

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract First discovered by Ernest Abbe in 1873, the resolution limit of a far-field microscope is considered determined by the numerical aperture and wavelength of light, approximately $$\frac{\lambda }{2{NA}}$$ λ 2 N A . With the advent of modern fluorescence microscopy and nanoscopy methods over the last century, this definition is insufficient to fully describe a microscope’s resolving power. To determine the practical resolution limit of a fluorescence microscope, photon noise remains one essential factor yet to be incorporated in a statistics-based theoretical framework. We proposed an information density measure quantifying the theoretical resolving power of a fluorescence microscope in the condition of finite photons. The developed approach not only allows us to quantify the practical resolution limit of various fluorescence and super-resolution microscopy modalities but also offers the potential to predict the achievable resolution of a microscopy design under different photon levels.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48155-x

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