Longitudinal variation in resilient psychosocial functioning is associated with ongoing cortical myelination and functional reorganization during adolescence

Meike D. Hettwer (), Lena Dorfschmidt, Lara M. C. Puhlmann, Linda M. Jacob, Casey Paquola, Richard A. I. Bethlehem, Edward T. Bullmore, Simon B. Eickhoff and Sofie L. Valk ()
Additional contact information
Meike D. Hettwer: Research Centre Jülich
Lena Dorfschmidt: University of Cambridge
Lara M. C. Puhlmann: Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences
Linda M. Jacob: Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences
Casey Paquola: Research Centre Jülich
Richard A. I. Bethlehem: University of Cambridge
Edward T. Bullmore: University of Cambridge
Simon B. Eickhoff: Research Centre Jülich
Sofie L. Valk: Research Centre Jülich

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: Abstract Adolescence is a period of dynamic brain remodeling and susceptibility to psychiatric risk factors, mediated by the protracted consolidation of association cortices. Here, we investigated whether longitudinal variation in adolescents’ resilience to psychosocial stressors during this vulnerable period is associated with ongoing myeloarchitectural maturation and consolidation of functional networks. We used repeated myelin-sensitive Magnetic Transfer (MT) and resting-state functional neuroimaging (n = 141), and captured adversity exposure by adverse life events, dysfunctional family settings, and socio-economic status at two timepoints, one to two years apart. Development toward more resilient psychosocial functioning was associated with increasing myelination in the anterolateral prefrontal cortex, which showed stabilized functional connectivity. Studying depth-specific intracortical MT profiles and the cortex-wide synchronization of myeloarchitectural maturation, we further observed wide-spread myeloarchitectural reconfiguration of association cortices paralleled by attenuated functional reorganization with increasingly resilient outcomes. Together, resilient/susceptible psychosocial functioning showed considerable intra-individual change associated with multi-modal cortical refinement processes at the local and system-level.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50292-2

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