A cryogenic on-chip microwave pulse generator for large-scale superconducting quantum computing

Zenghui Bao, Yan Li, Zhiling Wang, Jiahui Wang, Jize Yang, Haonan Xiong, Yipu Song, Yukai Wu, Hongyi Zhang () and Luming Duan ()
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Zenghui Bao: Tsinghua University
Yan Li: Tsinghua University
Zhiling Wang: Tsinghua University
Jiahui Wang: Tsinghua University
Jize Yang: Tsinghua University
Haonan Xiong: Tsinghua University
Yipu Song: Tsinghua University
Yukai Wu: Tsinghua University
Hongyi Zhang: Tsinghua University
Luming Duan: Tsinghua University

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract For superconducting quantum processors, microwave signals are delivered to each qubit from room-temperature electronics to the cryogenic environment through coaxial cables. Limited by the heat load of cabling and the massive cost of electronics, such an architecture is not viable for millions of qubits required for fault-tolerant quantum computing. Monolithic integration of the control electronics and the qubits provides a promising solution, which, however, requires a coherent cryogenic microwave pulse generator that is compatible with superconducting quantum circuits. Here, we report such a signal source driven by digital-like signals, generating pulsed microwave emission with well-controlled phase, intensity, and frequency directly at millikelvin temperatures. We showcase high-fidelity readout of superconducting qubits with the microwave pulse generator. The device demonstrated here has a small footprint, negligible heat load, great flexibility to operate, and is fully compatible with today’s superconducting quantum circuits, thus providing an enabling technology for large-scale superconducting quantum computers.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50333-w

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