Reversible modulation of superconductivity in thin-film NbSe2 via plasmon coupling

Guanghui Cheng (), Meng-Hsien Lin, Hung-Ying Chen, Dongli Wang, Zheyan Wang, Wei Qin (), Zhenyu Zhang and Changgan Zeng ()
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Guanghui Cheng: University of Science and Technology of China
Meng-Hsien Lin: MetaSERS TECHNOLOGY Corp.
Hung-Ying Chen: MetaSERS TECHNOLOGY Corp.
Dongli Wang: University of Science and Technology of China
Zheyan Wang: University of Science and Technology of China
Wei Qin: University of Science and Technology of China
Zhenyu Zhang: University of Science and Technology of China
Changgan Zeng: University of Science and Technology of China

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-7

Abstract: Abstract In recent years, lightwave has stood out as an ultrafast, non-contact control knob for developing compact superconducting circuitry. However, the modulation efficiency is limited by the low photoresponse of superconductors. Plasmons, with the advantages of strong light-matter interaction, present a promising route to overcome the limitations. Here we achieve effective modulation of superconductivity in thin-film NbSe2 via near-field coupling to plasmons in gold nanoparticles. Upon resonant plasmon excitation, the superconductivity of NbSe2 is substantially suppressed. The modulation factor exceeds 40% at a photon flux of 9.36 × 1013 s−1mm−2, and the effect is significantly diminished for thicker NbSe2 samples. Our observations can be theoretically interpreted by invoking the non-equilibrium electron distribution in NbSe2 driven by the plasmon-associated evanescent field. Finally, a reversible plasmon-driven superconducting switch is realized in this system. These findings highlight plasmonic tailoring of quantum states as an innovative strategy for superconducting electronics.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50452-4

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