TCF-1 and TOX regulate the memory formation of intestinal group 2 innate lymphoid cells in asthma

Kaifan Bao (), Xiaoqun Gu, Yajun Song, Yijing Zhou, Yanyan Chen, Xi Yu, Weiyuan Yuan, Liyun Shi, Jie Zheng () and Min Hong ()
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Kaifan Bao: School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
Xiaoqun Gu: School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
Yajun Song: School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
Yijing Zhou: School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
Yanyan Chen: School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
Xi Yu: LTD
Weiyuan Yuan: School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
Liyun Shi: Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
Jie Zheng: School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
Min Hong: School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-19

Abstract: Abstract Immune memory has been expanded to group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), but the cellular and molecular bases remain incompletely understood. Based on house dust mite (HDM)-induced mice asthma models and human samples, we applied flow cytometry, parabiosis, in vivo imaging and adoptive transplantation to confirm the persistence, migration and function of CD45+lineage–CD90.2+NK1.1–NKp46–ST2–KLRG1+IL-17RB+ memory-like ILC2s (ml-ILC2s). Regulated by CCR9/CCL25 and S1P signaling, ml-ILC2s reside in the lamina propria of small intestines (siLP) in asthma remission, and subsequently move to airway upon re-encountering antigens or alarmins. Furthermore, ml-ILC2s possess properties of longevity, potential of rapid proliferation and producing IL-13, and display transcriptional characteristics with up-regulation of Tox and Tcf-7. ml-ILC2s transplantation restore the asthmatic changes abrogated by Tox and Tcf7 knockdown. Our data identify siLP ml-ILC2s as a memory-like subset, which promotes asthma relapse. Targeting TCF-1 and TOX might be promising for preventing asthma recurrence.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52252-2

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