Bacteria from the Amycolatopsis genus associated with a toxic bird secrete protective secondary metabolites

Elena Seibel, Soohyun Um, Kasun H. Bodawatta, Anna J. Komor, Tanya Decker, Janis Fricke, Robert Murphy, Gibson Maiah, Bulisa Iova, Hannah Maus, Tanja Schirmeister, Knud Andreas Jønsson, Michael Poulsen and Christine Beemelmanns ()
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Elena Seibel: Helmholtz-Institut für Pharmazeutische Forschung Saarland (HIPS)
Soohyun Um: Leibniz institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology – Hans-Knöll-Institute (HKI)
Kasun H. Bodawatta: Research and Collections University of Copenhagen
Anna J. Komor: Leibniz institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology – Hans-Knöll-Institute (HKI)
Tanya Decker: Helmholtz-Institut für Pharmazeutische Forschung Saarland (HIPS)
Janis Fricke: Helmholtz-Institut für Pharmazeutische Forschung Saarland (HIPS)
Robert Murphy: University of Copenhagen
Gibson Maiah: The New Guinea Binatang Research Centre
Bulisa Iova: Papua New Guinea National Museum and Art Gallery
Hannah Maus: Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
Tanja Schirmeister: Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
Knud Andreas Jønsson: Research and Collections University of Copenhagen
Michael Poulsen: University of Copenhagen
Christine Beemelmanns: Helmholtz-Institut für Pharmazeutische Forschung Saarland (HIPS)

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-16

Abstract: Abstract Uropygial gland secretions of birds consist of host and bacteria derived compounds and play a major sanitary and feather-protective role. Here we report on our microbiome studies of the New Guinean toxic bird Pachycephala schlegelii and the isolation of a member of the Amycolatopsis genus from the uropygial gland secretions. Bioactivity studies in combination with co-cultures, MALDI imaging and HR-MS/MS-based network analyses unveil the basis of its activity against keratinolytic bacteria and fungal skin pathogens. We trace the protective antimicrobial activity of Amycolatopsis sp. PS_44_ISF1 to the production of rifamycin congeners, ciromicin A and of two yet unreported compound families. We perform NMR and HR-MS/MS studies to determine the relative structures of six members belonging to a yet unreported lipopeptide family of pachycephalamides and of one representative of the demiguisins, a new hexapeptide family. We then use a combination of phylogenomic, transcriptomic and knock-out studies to identify the underlying biosynthetic gene clusters responsible for the production of pachycephalamides and demiguisins. Our metabolomics data allow us to map molecular ion features of the identified metabolites in extracts of P. schlegelii feathers, verifying their presence in the ecological setting where they exert their presumed active role for hosts. Our study shows that members of the Actinomycetota may play a role in avian feather protection.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52316-3

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