Metasurface-enabled broadband multidimensional photodetectors

Hao Jiang, Yinzhu Chen, Wenyu Guo, Yan Zhang, Rigui Zhou, Mile Gu, Fan Zhong, Zhenhua Ni, Junpeng Lu (), Cheng-Wei Qiu () and Weibo Gao ()
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Hao Jiang: Nanyang Technological University
Yinzhu Chen: National University of Singapore
Wenyu Guo: Nanyang Technological University
Yan Zhang: Nanyang Technological University
Rigui Zhou: Shanghai Maritime University
Mile Gu: Nanyang Technological University
Fan Zhong: Southeast University
Zhenhua Ni: Southeast University
Junpeng Lu: Southeast University
Cheng-Wei Qiu: National University of Singapore
Weibo Gao: Nanyang Technological University

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Light encodes multidimensional information, such as intensity, polarization, and spectrum. Traditional extraction of this light information requires discrete optical components by subdividing the detection area into many “one-to-one” functional pixels. The broadband photodetection of high-dimensional optical information with a single integrated on-chip detector is highly sought after, yet it poses significant challenges. In this study, we employ a metasurface-assisted graphene photodetector, enabling to simultaneously detect and differentiate various polarization states and wavelengths of broadband light (1-8 μm) at the wavelength prediction accuracy of 0.5 μm. The bipolar polarizability empowered by this design allows to decouple multidimensional information (encompassing polarization and wavelength), which can be achieved by encoding vectorial photocurrents with varying polarities and amplitudes. Furthermore, cooperative multiport metasurfaces are adopted and boosted by machine learning techniques. It enables precise spin-wavelength differentiation over an extremely broad wavelength range (1-8 μm). Our innovation offers a recipe for highly compact and high-dimensional spectral-polarization co-detection.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52632-8

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