Extreme electron–hole drag and negative mobility in the Dirac plasma of graphene

Leonid A. Ponomarenko (), Alessandro Principi (), Andy D. Niblett, Wendong Wang, Roman V. Gorbachev, Piranavan Kumaravadivel, Alexey I. Berdyugin, Alexey V. Ermakov, Sergey Slizovskiy, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Qi Ge, Vladimir I. Fal’ko, Laurence Eaves, Mark T. Greenaway () and Andre K. Geim ()
Additional contact information
Leonid A. Ponomarenko: University of Lancaster
Alessandro Principi: University of Manchester
Andy D. Niblett: University of Lancaster
Wendong Wang: University of Manchester
Roman V. Gorbachev: University of Manchester
Piranavan Kumaravadivel: University of Manchester
Alexey I. Berdyugin: University of Manchester
Alexey V. Ermakov: University of Manchester
Sergey Slizovskiy: University of Manchester
Kenji Watanabe: National Institute for Materials Science
Takashi Taniguchi: National Institute for Materials Science
Qi Ge: National University of Singapore
Vladimir I. Fal’ko: University of Manchester
Laurence Eaves: University of Nottingham
Mark T. Greenaway: University of Nottingham
Andre K. Geim: University of Manchester

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-6

Abstract: Abstract Coulomb drag between adjacent electron and hole gases has attracted considerable attention, being studied in various two-dimensional systems, including semiconductor and graphene heterostructures. Here we report measurements of electron–hole drag in the Planckian plasma that develops in monolayer graphene in the vicinity of its Dirac point above liquid-nitrogen temperatures. The frequent electron–hole scattering forces minority carriers to move against the applied electric field due to the drag induced by majority carriers. This unidirectional transport of electrons and holes results in nominally negative mobility for the minority carriers. The electron–hole drag is found to be strongest near room temperature, despite being notably affected by phonon scattering. Our findings provide better understanding of the transport properties of charge-neutral graphene, reveal limits on its hydrodynamic description, and also offer insight into quantum-critical systems in general.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-54198-x

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