Exchange anisotropies in microwave-driven singlet-triplet qubits

Jaime Saez-Mollejo (), Daniel Jirovec, Yona Schell, Josip Kukucka, Stefano Calcaterra, Daniel Chrastina, Giovanni Isella, Maximilian Rimbach-Russ, Stefano Bosco and Georgios Katsaros ()
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Jaime Saez-Mollejo: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
Daniel Jirovec: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
Yona Schell: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
Josip Kukucka: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
Stefano Calcaterra: Politecnico di Milano
Daniel Chrastina: Politecnico di Milano
Giovanni Isella: Politecnico di Milano
Maximilian Rimbach-Russ: Delft University of Technology
Stefano Bosco: Delft University of Technology
Georgios Katsaros: Institute of Science and Technology Austria

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Hole spin qubits are emerging as the workhorse of semiconducting quantum processors because of their large spin-orbit interaction, enabling fast, low-power, all-electric operations. However, this interaction also causes non-uniformities, resulting in site-dependent qubit energies and anisotropies. Although these anisotropies enable single-spin control, if not properly harnessed, they can hinder scalability. Here, we report on microwave-driven singlet-triplet qubits in planar germanium and use them to investigate spin anisotropies. For in-plane magnetic fields, the spins are largely anisotropic and electrically tunable, allowing access to all transitions and coherence times exceeding 3 μs are extracted. For out-of-plane fields they have an isotropic response. Even in this field direction, where the qubit lifetime is strongly affected by nuclear spins, we find 400 ns coherence times. Our work adds a valuable tool to investigate and harness the spin anisotropies, applicable to two-dimensional devices, facilitating the path towards scalable quantum processors.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-58969-y

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