Superadditive communication with the green machine as a practical demonstration of nonlocality without entanglement
Chaohan Cui,
Jack Postlewaite,
Babak N. Saif,
Linran Fan () and
Saikat Guha ()
Additional contact information
Chaohan Cui: The University of Maryland
Jack Postlewaite: The University of Maryland
Babak N. Saif: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
Linran Fan: The University of Arizona
Saikat Guha: The University of Maryland
Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-7
Abstract:
Abstract Achieving the ultimate Holevo limit of optical communication capacity requires a joint-detection receiver that makes a collective quantum measurement over multiple modulated symbols. Such superadditivity—a higher communication rate than is achievable by symbol-by-symbol optical detection—is a special case of the well-known nonlocality without entanglement and has yet to be demonstrated. In this article, we propose and demonstrate the design of a joint-detection receiver, the Green Machine, that can achieve superadditivity. We build this receiver, experimentally obtain the transition probability matrix induced by the codebook-receiver pair, and deduce that its capacity surpasses that of any symbol-by-symbol receiver in the photon-starved regime for binary-phase-shift-keying (BPSK)modulation. Our Green Machine receiver can also significantly reduce the transmitter peak power requirement compared with the pulse-position modulation (the conventional modulation format used for deep space laser communication). We further demonstrate that the self-referenced phase makes it resilient to phase noise, e.g., atmospheric turbulence or platform vibrations.
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:nat:natcom:v:16:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-025-59107-4
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-59107-4
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