Graphene-driven correlated electronic states in one dimensional defects within WS2

Antonio Rossi (), John C. Thomas (), Johannes T. Küchle, Elyse Barré, Zhuohang Yu, Da Zhou, Shalini Kumari, Hsin-Zon Tsai, Ed Wong, Chris Jozwiak, Aaron Bostwick, Joshua A. Robinson, Mauricio Terrones, Archana Raja, Adam Schwartzberg, D. Frank Ogletree, Jeffrey B. Neaton, Michael F. Crommie, Francesco Allegretti, Willi Auwärter, Eli Rotenberg and Alexander Weber-Bargioni ()
Additional contact information
Antonio Rossi: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
John C. Thomas: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Johannes T. Küchle: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Elyse Barré: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Zhuohang Yu: The Pennsylvania State University
Da Zhou: The Pennsylvania State University
Shalini Kumari: The Pennsylvania State University
Hsin-Zon Tsai: University of California at Berkeley
Ed Wong: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Chris Jozwiak: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Aaron Bostwick: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Joshua A. Robinson: The Pennsylvania State University
Mauricio Terrones: The Pennsylvania State University
Archana Raja: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Adam Schwartzberg: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
D. Frank Ogletree: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Jeffrey B. Neaton: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Michael F. Crommie: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Francesco Allegretti: Technical University of Munich
Willi Auwärter: Technical University of Munich
Eli Rotenberg: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Alexander Weber-Bargioni: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid (TLL) behavior in one-dimensional systems has been predicted and shown to occur at semiconductor-to-metal transitions within two-dimensional materials. Reports of one-dimensional defects hosting a Fermi liquid or a TLL have suggested a dependence on the underlying substrate, however, unveiling the physical details of electronic contributions from the substrate require cross-correlative investigation. Here, we study TLL formation within defectively engineered WS2 atop graphene, where band structure and the atomic environment is visualized with nano angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy, and non-contact atomic force microscopy. Correlations between the local density of states and electronic band dispersion elucidated the electron transfer from graphene into a TLL hosted by one-dimensional metal (1DM) defects. It appears that the vertical heterostructure with graphene and the induced charge transfer from graphene into the 1DM is critical for the formation of a TLL.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-60993-x

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