Inhibiting inter-layer gliding in transition metal layered oxides through interphase engineering for sodium-ion batteries

Xing Zhou, Chao Yang, Xiaowei Liu, Xin Peng, Yongyuan Zhou, Liguang Wang, Tongchao Liu, Ya You () and Jun Lu ()
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Xing Zhou: Wuhan University of Technology
Chao Yang: Wuhan University of Technology
Xiaowei Liu: Wuhan University of Technology
Xin Peng: Wuhan University of Technology
Yongyuan Zhou: Wuhan University of Technology
Liguang Wang: Zhejiang
Tongchao Liu: Argonne National Laboratory
Ya You: Wuhan University of Technology
Jun Lu: Zhejiang

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Inter-layer gliding induced phase transitions are widely recognized as the predominant cause of performance degradation in layered oxide positive electrode materials utilized in Na/Li-ion batteries. However, effectively restraining these phase transitions at a fundamental level poses a significant challenge. In this study, we elucidate that gliding at the X2/Y3 (X, Y = P or O) interphase layer can be thermodynamically inhibited through an energetically driven gliding-inhibition mechanism, by systematic structural analysis and correlated energy calculations. Building upon this insight, we propose interphase engineering as an effective approach to mitigate phase transitions. The resulting P2/P3-Na0.46Mn0.9Ni0.1O2 material, featuring dense and uniform P2/P3 interphases, exhibits notable enhancements in both cycling stability and rate capability. Detailed structure probing conducted through advanced atomic-level electron microscopy and synchrotron X-ray diffraction corroborates the role of the P2/P3 interphase structure in suppressing gliding and phase transition. Furthermore, the widespread applicability of the X2/Y3 interphase concept is validated through the successful implementation in several other extended X2/Y3 interphase materials. These findings provide further understanding of interphase phenomena and suggest a strategy to suppress phase transition in layered positive electrode materials.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-61065-w

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