Nanoscale size effects in α-FAPbI3 evinced by large-scale ab initio simulations

Virginia Carnevali, Lorenzo Agosta, Vladislav Slama, Nikolaos Lempesis, Andrea Vezzosi and Ursula Rothlisberger ()
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Virginia Carnevali: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL)
Lorenzo Agosta: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL)
Vladislav Slama: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL)
Nikolaos Lempesis: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL)
Andrea Vezzosi: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL)
Ursula Rothlisberger: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL)

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Formamidinium-lead-iodide (FAPbI3) has a rich phase diagram, and long-range correlation between the organic cations and lattice dipoles can influence phase transitions and optoelectronic properties. System size effects are crucial for an appropriate theoretical description of FAPbI3. We perform a systematic ab initio study on the structural and electronic properties of the photoactive phase of FAPbI3 as a function of system size. To ensure an accurate theoretical description, three criteria must be satisfied: the (correct) value of the band gap, the extent (or the absence of) structural distortions, and the zeroing out of the total dipole moment. The net dipole moment vanishes as the system size increases due to PbI6 octahedra distortions rather than due to FA+ rotations. Additionally, thermal band gap fluctuations are predominantly correlated with octahedral tilting. The optimal agreement between simulation results and experimental properties for FAPbI3 is only achieved by system sizes approaching the nanoscale.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-61351-7

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