An active bifunctional natural dye for stable all-solid-state organic batteries

Qihang Yu, Yang Hu, Sixu Deng, Mohsen Shakouri, Jingye Chen, Vinicius Martins, Heng-Yong Nie, Yining Huang, Yang Zhao, Karim Zaghib, Tsun-Kong Sham and Xia Li ()
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Qihang Yu: Montreal
Yang Hu: London
Sixu Deng: Montreal
Mohsen Shakouri: University of Saskatchewan
Jingye Chen: University of Saskatchewan
Vinicius Martins: London
Heng-Yong Nie: London
Yining Huang: London
Yang Zhao: London
Karim Zaghib: Montreal
Tsun-Kong Sham: London
Xia Li: Montreal

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: Abstract Sustainable and cost-effective organic electrode materials are promising for next-generation lithium-ion batteries but are hindered by severe shuttle effects. While all-solid-state batteries offer a potential solution, chemical and mechanical incompatibility between organic electrode materials and inorganic solid electrolytes limit areal capacity and cycling stability, falling short of practical requirements. Here, we report a bifunctional indigo natural dye that serves as both an active material and a solid molecular catalyst in sulfide-based all-solid-state batteries, addressing these compatibility challenges. Contrary to the prevailing view that chemical reactions between organic electrode materials and sulfide solid electrolytes are detrimental, our study reveals that controlled reactions between indigo and Li6PS5Cl solid electrolyte catalyze their synergistic redox process after optimizing electrode microstructures. This strategy enables a high reversible capacity of 583 mAh g−1 (Li6PS5Cl contribution: 379 mAh g−1) at 0.1 C, a high areal capacity of 3.84 mAh cm−2, and good cycling stability at an operation temperature of 25 °C. These findings highlight the potential of bifunctional organic electrode materials in sulfide-based all-solid-state batteries to overcome the key challenges of organic electrode materials in practical applications.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-62301-z

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