Persistence and clearance of oral human papillomavirus among a multi-national cohort of men

Brittney L. Dickey, Racheal S. Dube Mandishora, Bradley Sirak, Wenyi Fan, Kimberly Isaacs-Soriano, Richard R. Reich, Michael J. Schell, Eduardo Lazcano-Ponce, Luisa L. Villa and Anna R. Giuliano ()
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Brittney L. Dickey: University of Nebraska Medical Center
Racheal S. Dube Mandishora: Center for Immunization and Infection Research in Cancer and the Department of Cancer Epidemiology
Bradley Sirak: Center for Immunization and Infection Research in Cancer and the Department of Cancer Epidemiology
Wenyi Fan: Moffitt Cancer Center
Kimberly Isaacs-Soriano: Center for Immunization and Infection Research in Cancer and the Department of Cancer Epidemiology
Richard R. Reich: Moffitt Cancer Center
Michael J. Schell: Moffitt Cancer Center
Eduardo Lazcano-Ponce: National Institute of Public Health
Luisa L. Villa: Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo
Anna R. Giuliano: Center for Immunization and Infection Research in Cancer and the Department of Cancer Epidemiology

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract In response to the growing burden of HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer, this study investigated clearance of oral HPV, the obligate precursor, in a longitudinal cohort of men from the US, Brazil, and Mexico. Oral gargles collected every 6 months from the HPV Infection in Men Study were HPV genotyped using SPF10 PCR-DEIA-LiPA25. Oral HPV infection clearance and associated factors were assessed using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models, respectively. Median follow-up was 44.8 months with 403 and 186 men with an incident and prevalent oral HPV infection, respectively; and lower probability of clearance observed in prevalent infections. Infections were less likely to clear in the presence of increased sexual behaviors; and among prevalent infections, older men were less likely to clear their infection. Here, we report differences in prevalently and incidently detected infections with sexual behavior as a key factor and older age as a potential factor associated with clearance.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-62963-9

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