Bioinspired interfacial nanofluidic layer enabling high-rate and dendrite-free lithium metal negative electrodes

Chunlei Song, Lyuming Pan, Junxiu Wu, Lu Chen, He Zhao, Hongji Pan, Shumin Wu, Liu Yang, Yanxin Jiang, Yiju Li (), Jun Lu () and Tianshou Zhao ()
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Chunlei Song: Southern University of Science and Technology
Lyuming Pan: Southern University of Science and Technology
Junxiu Wu: Zhejiang University
Lu Chen: Southern University of Science and Technology
He Zhao: Southern University of Science and Technology
Hongji Pan: Southern University of Science and Technology
Shumin Wu: Southern University of Science and Technology
Liu Yang: Southern University of Science and Technology
Yanxin Jiang: Southern University of Science and Technology
Yiju Li: Southern University of Science and Technology
Jun Lu: Zhejiang University
Tianshou Zhao: Southern University of Science and Technology

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Lithium metal negative electrodes are highly promising for high-specific-energy batteries due to their low electrochemical potential and high capacity. However, dendrite growth due to limited Li+ transport at the interface hinder their performance and safety. Enhancing interfacial Li+ transport can prevent Li+ depletion and ensure uniform Li deposition. Herein, an artificial interphase layer inspired by the nanofluidic effects in organisms is developed. The artificial interphase layer exhibits nanofluidic ion transport behavior, offering a 3.6 times higher transference number and a 107 times higher diffusion coefficient for Li+ compared to bulk solutions at a low Li salt concentration of 10-6 mol L-1. Such selective Li+ conduction can effectively suppress dendritic growth, achieving a stable Li plating/stripping cycling at a current density of 200 mA cm-2 and a high Coulombic efficiency of 99.7%. Consequently, the negative electrode-free Cu||LFP cell achieves 80.1% capacity retention after 200 cycles. Moreover, the Li||S full cell demonstrates high stability over 300 cycles with a 70.7% capacity retention at −20 °C and achieves a high specific energy of 505.1 Wh kg-1 with designed capacity of 127.3 mAh (stack level). This nature-inspired interfacial nanofluidic layer design offers a promising strategy for developing high-rate, dendrite-free lithium metal negative electrodes.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-62992-4

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