Biomimetic magnetobacterial microrobots for active pneumonia therapy

Lishan Zhang, Ze Chen, Hui Ran, Mirai Azechi, Xue Yang, Weichang Huang, Hao Tian, Lihan Shen (), Fei Peng () and Yingfeng Tu ()
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Lishan Zhang: Southern Medical University
Ze Chen: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Hui Ran: Southern Medical University
Mirai Azechi: Southern Medical University
Xue Yang: Southern Medical University
Weichang Huang: Southern Medical University
Hao Tian: Southern Medical University
Lihan Shen: Southern Medical University
Fei Peng: Sun Yat-Sen University
Yingfeng Tu: Southern Medical University

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: Abstract Immense progress in synthetic micro-/nanorobots with diverse functionalities has been made for biomedical applications during the last decade. However, there is still a huge gap for miniature robots to realize efficient therapy from in vitro to in vivo level. Here click chemistry is used to introduce curcumin-loaded hybrid cell membrane nanoparticles to magnetotactic bacteria AMB-1 with magnetic actuation, thus creating biohybrid microrobots CurNPs@2TM-AMB-1 for active and efficient pneumonia therapy in vivo. In the presence of an external rotating magnetic field, the developed AR are capable of moving controllably and wirelessly, and efficiently scavenging inflammatory factors and SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus due to the existing receptors from the cell membrane cloaking strategy, thereby inhibiting the virus invasion and reducing the damage of inflammation to the lungs. Due to the active movement, AR significantly increase and prolong the accumulation of Cur in the lungs in vivo, thus alleviating the pneumonia and regulating pneumonia microenvironment. The designed hybrid microrobot system, with magnetic actuation and active neutralization of inflammatory factors and virus, shows great promise as a potential platform for pneumonia therapy.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-63231-6

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