Magnetic microscopy for operando imaging of battery dynamics

Stefan Pollok, Mohamad Khoshkalam, Fardin Ghaffari-Tabrizi, Fran Kurnia, Danni Wang, Siqi Li, Dominik B. Bucher, Jennifer L. M. Rupp and Dennis V. Christensen ()
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Stefan Pollok: Technical University of Denmark
Mohamad Khoshkalam: Technical University of Denmark
Fardin Ghaffari-Tabrizi: Technical University of Denmark
Fran Kurnia: Technical University of Munich
Danni Wang: Technical University of Munich
Siqi Li: Technical University of Munich
Dominik B. Bucher: Technical University of Munich
Jennifer L. M. Rupp: Technical University of Munich
Dennis V. Christensen: Technical University of Denmark

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: Abstract Battery development pivots around understanding the complex processes governing battery operation and degradation. Most degradation pathways link structural and chemical inhomogeneities with strongly heterogeneous carrier transport at the nano- and microscale, which remains challenging to resolve with current operando imaging techniques. Here, we provide a data-driven perspective on using operando magnetic microscopy to examine the charge and discharge cycles in lithium and post-lithium batteries. Through quantitatively imaging ionic and electronic current distributions and probing the associated chemical reactions at the nanoscale, valuable insights into battery inhomogeneities and degradations can be gained. The approach facilitates spatially resolving heterogeneous redox reactions, buried current distributions, and mechanistic contributions to short-circuit endurance in batteries.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-63409-y

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