Implementation of generalized quantum measurements for unambiguous discrimination of multiple non-orthogonal coherent states

F. E. Becerra (), Jianqing Fan and A. Migdall
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F. E. Becerra: Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and National Institute of Standards and Technology
A. Migdall: Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and National Institute of Standards and Technology

Nature Communications, 2013, vol. 4, issue 1, 1-6

Abstract: Abstract Generalized quantum measurements implemented to allow for measurement outcomes termed inconclusive can perform perfect discrimination of non-orthogonal states, a task which is impossible using only measurements with definitive outcomes. Here we demonstrate such generalized quantum measurements for unambiguous discrimination of four non-orthogonal coherent states and obtain their quantum mechanical description, the positive-operator valued measure. For practical realizations of this positive-operator valued measure, where noise and realistic imperfections prevent perfect unambiguous discrimination, we show that our experimental implementation outperforms any ideal standard-quantum-limited measurement performing the same non-ideal unambiguous state discrimination task for coherent states with low mean photon numbers.

Date: 2013
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3028

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