Expanding the low-dimensional interface engineering toolbox for efficient perovskite solar cells

Senyun Ye, Haixia Rao, Minjun Feng, Lifei Xi, Zhihao Yen, Debbie Hwee Leng Seng, Qiang Xu, Chris Boothroyd, Bingbing Chen, Yuanyuan Guo, Bo Wang, Teddy Salim, Qiannan Zhang, Huajun He, Yue Wang, Xingchi Xiao, Yeng Ming Lam () and Tze Chien Sum ()
Additional contact information
Senyun Ye: Nanyang Technological University
Haixia Rao: Nanyang Technological University
Minjun Feng: Nanyang Technological University
Lifei Xi: Nanyang Technological University
Zhihao Yen: Nanyang Technological University
Debbie Hwee Leng Seng: Technology and Research (A*STAR), Innovis
Qiang Xu: Nanyang Technological University
Chris Boothroyd: Nanyang Technological University
Bingbing Chen: Nanyang Technological University
Yuanyuan Guo: Nanyang Technological University
Bo Wang: Nanyang Technological University
Teddy Salim: Nanyang Technological University
Qiannan Zhang: Nanyang Technological University
Huajun He: Nanyang Technological University
Yue Wang: Nanyang Technological University
Xingchi Xiao: Nanyang Technological University
Yeng Ming Lam: Nanyang Technological University
Tze Chien Sum: Nanyang Technological University

Nature Energy, 2023, vol. 8, issue 3, 284-293

Abstract: Abstract Three-dimensional/low-dimensional perovskite solar cells afford improved efficiency and stability. The design of low-dimensional capping materials is constrained to tuning the A-site organic cation, as Pb2+ and Sn2+ are the only options for the metal cation. Here we unlock access to a library of low-dimensional capping materials with metal cations beyond Pb2+/Sn2+ by processing a full precursor solution containing both metal and ammonium halides. This enables easier synthetic control of the low-dimensional capping layer and greater versatility for low-dimensional interface engineering. We demonstrate that a zero-dimensional zinc-based halogenometallate (PEA2ZnX4; PEA = phenethylammonium, X = Cl/I) induces more robust surface passivation and stronger n–N isotype three-dimensional/low-dimensional heterojunctions than its lead-based counterpart. We exhibit p–i–n solar cells with 24.1% efficiency (certified 23.25%). Our cells maintain 94.5% initial efficiency after >1,000 h of operation at the maximum power point. Our findings expand the material library for low-dimensional interface engineering and stabilization of highly efficient three-dimensional/low-dimensional perovskite solar cells.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41560-023-01204-z

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