Co-deposition of hole-selective contact and absorber for improving the processability of perovskite solar cells

Xiaopeng Zheng, Zhen Li, Yi Zhang, Min Chen, Tuo Liu, Chuanxiao Xiao, Danpeng Gao, Jay B. Patel, Darius Kuciauskas, Artiom Magomedov, Rebecca A. Scheidt, Xiaoming Wang, Steven P. Harvey, Zhenghong Dai, Chunlei Zhang, Daniel Morales, Henry Pruett, Brian M. Wieliczka, Ahmad R. Kirmani, Nitin P. Padture, Kenneth R. Graham, Yanfa Yan, Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin, Michael D. McGehee, Zonglong Zhu () and Joseph M. Luther ()
Additional contact information
Xiaopeng Zheng: National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Zhen Li: City University of Hong Kong
Yi Zhang: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Min Chen: National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Tuo Liu: University of Kentucky
Chuanxiao Xiao: National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Danpeng Gao: City University of Hong Kong
Jay B. Patel: National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Darius Kuciauskas: National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Artiom Magomedov: University of Colorado
Rebecca A. Scheidt: National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Xiaoming Wang: University of Toledo
Steven P. Harvey: National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Zhenghong Dai: Brown University
Chunlei Zhang: City University of Hong Kong
Daniel Morales: University of Colorado
Henry Pruett: University of Kentucky
Brian M. Wieliczka: National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Ahmad R. Kirmani: National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Nitin P. Padture: Brown University
Kenneth R. Graham: University of Kentucky
Yanfa Yan: University of Toledo
Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Michael D. McGehee: National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Zonglong Zhu: City University of Hong Kong
Joseph M. Luther: National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Nature Energy, 2023, vol. 8, issue 5, 462-472

Abstract: Abstract Simplifying the manufacturing processes of renewable energy technologies is crucial to lowering the barriers to commercialization. In this context, to improve the manufacturability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), we have developed a one-step solution-coating procedure in which the hole-selective contact and perovskite light absorber spontaneously form, resulting in efficient inverted PSCs. We observed that phosphonic or carboxylic acids, incorporated into perovskite precursor solutions, self-assemble on the indium tin oxide substrate during perovskite film processing. They form a robust self-assembled monolayer as an excellent hole-selective contact while the perovskite crystallizes. Our approach solves wettability issues and simplifies device fabrication, advancing the manufacturability of PSCs. Our PSC devices with positive–intrinsic–negative (p-i-n) geometry show a power conversion efficiency of 24.5% and retain >90% of their initial efficiency after 1,200 h of operating at the maximum power point under continuous illumination. The approach shows good generality as it is compatible with different self-assembled monolayer molecular systems, perovskites, solvents and processing methods.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41560-023-01227-6

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