Fast-charge high-voltage layered cathodes for sodium-ion batteries

Qidi Wang, Dong Zhou, Chenglong Zhao (), Jianlin Wang, Hao Guo, Liguang Wang, Zhenpeng Yao, Deniz Wong, Götz Schuck, Xuedong Bai, Jun Lu () and Marnix Wagemaker ()
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Qidi Wang: Delft University of Technology
Dong Zhou: Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie
Chenglong Zhao: Delft University of Technology
Jianlin Wang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Hao Guo: China Institute of Atomic Energy
Liguang Wang: Zhejiang University
Zhenpeng Yao: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Deniz Wong: Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie
Götz Schuck: Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie
Xuedong Bai: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Jun Lu: Zhejiang University
Marnix Wagemaker: Delft University of Technology

Nature Sustainability, 2024, vol. 7, issue 3, 338-347

Abstract: Abstract Sodium-ion batteries have not only garnered substantial attention for grid-scale energy storage owing to the higher abundance of sodium compared with lithium, but also present the possibility of fast charging because of the inherently higher sodium-ion mobility. However, it remains a phenomenal challenge to achieve a combination of these merits, given the complex structural chemistry of sodium-ion oxide materials. Here we show that O3-type sodium-ion layered cathodes (for example, Na5/6Li2/27Ni8/27Mn11/27Ti6/27O2) have the potential to attain high power density, high energy density (260 Wh kg−1 at the electrode level) and long cycle life (capacity retention of 80% over 700 cycles in full cells). The design involves introduction of characteristic P3-structural motifs into an O3-type framework that serves to promote sodium-ion diffusivity and address detrimental transition metal migration and phase transition at a high state of charge. This study provides a principle for the rational design of sodium-ion layered oxide electrodes and advances the understanding of the composition–structure–property relationships of oxide cathode materials.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41893-024-01266-1

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