Large-scale implementation of solar interfacial desalination

Yushi Chen, Leshan Shen, Zhifu Qi, Zhouyang Luo (), Xiangyu Li () and Hua Bao ()
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Yushi Chen: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Leshan Shen: Zhejiang Baima Lake Laboratory Co. Ltd
Zhifu Qi: Zhejiang Baima Lake Laboratory Co. Ltd
Zhouyang Luo: Zhejiang Baima Lake Laboratory Co. Ltd
Xiangyu Li: University of Tennessee
Hua Bao: Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Nature Sustainability, 2025, vol. 8, issue 2, 162-169

Abstract: Abstract Solar interfacial desalination (SID), a technology that uses solar energy to produce fresh water, is seen as a potential solution to the twin shortages of water and energy. However, there remains a big gap between the current bench-scale success and future industrial application. Here we show a scaled-up SID system that spans over 150 m2 and achieves a fresh-water production rate of up to 4.5 kg m−2 d−1 and a rated fresh-water productivity of 300 kg d−1 over 4 months of operation. Taking advantage of this large-scale system, we found that the system size requires a dramatic change in materials selection and a substantial increase in thermal mass, leading to a different water yield. A cost analysis revealed that capital investment is heavy, unlike the low-cost operation in indoor SID. We also underscore the importance of addressing fouling, including sedimentation and green algae. By combining a large-scale implementation with an analysis of an SID platform, this work offers insights into its potential for sustainable application in remote areas for domestic water supplies.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41893-024-01485-6

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