Global energy and fertilizer dependencies via the Strait of Hormuz

Benjamin Huynh and Allison Koenecke

No 4v3b9_v1, SocArXiv from Center for Open Science

Abstract: The Strait of Hormuz is a critical maritime chokepoint, with concerns of disruption arising from conflict. We quantify trade dependencies across 172 countries, finding 19.6% [95% Interpercentile Interval: 17.4, 21.8] of global fossil fuel trade transits the strait, and that lower income countries are disproportionately dependent on Hormuz-sourced fertilizer. Countries doubly dependent on Hormuz-sourced energy and fertilizer face pre-existing humanitarian crises, indicating global structural vulnerability.

Date: 2026-04-18
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:osf:socarx:4v3b9_v1

DOI: 10.31219/osf.io/4v3b9_v1

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