 New Models for Old-Age Security: Experiments, Evidence, and Unanswered QuestionsEstelle James The World Bank Research Observer, 1998, vol. 13, issue 2, 271-301 Abstract: The escalating costs of traditional social security systems are forcing countries to reevaluate the formal programs that provide income maintenance support to the aging. This article suggests a reform strategy built around three systems, or "pillars," to provide old-age security-a public pillar with mandatory participation, a private, mandatory savings plan, and a voluntary savings system. Three variations of this model are being implemented in different countries: the Latin American model, in which individual workers choose an investment manager for their retirement funds; the OECD model, in which employers, union trustees, or both choose the investment manager for an entire company or occupation; and the Swedish notional account model, in which there are no funds to invest. Preliminary empirical evidence on the efficiency and growth effects of pension reform, mostly from Chile, indicates that the impact on national saving and financial market development and, through these, economic growth, has been positive and possibly large. Date: 1998 Downloads: (external link) Related works: Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:oup:wbrobs:v:13:y:1998:i:2:p:271-301 Ordering information: This journal article can be ordered from Access Statistics for this article The World Bank Research Observer is currently edited by Peter Lanjouw More articles in The World Bank Research Observer from World Bank Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street, Oxford OX2 6DP, UK. Contact information at EDIRC. |
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