Emergence of the Basic Income Concept as a Negative Income Tax (the 60s)

Wayne Simpson ()
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Wayne Simpson: University of Manitoba

Chapter Chapter 2 in Is Basic Income Within Reach?, 2021, pp 17-42 from Palgrave Macmillan

Abstract: Abstract Emerging evidence on the problem of poverty led to U.S. President Johnson’s declaration of a War on Poverty in 1964. His initiative, supported by research from his Council of Economic Advisors and other sources, led to the establishment of the Office of Economic Opportunity to spearhead anti-poverty initiatives. Within three years, the anti-poverty strategy had veered toward more comprehensive cash transfers and the idea of a negative income tax popularized by Milton Friedman and other prominent economists. Many of these proposals were based on cash transfers from the existing tax system, and this approach received support in the emerging optimal taxation literature pioneered by James Mirrlees, but the work disincentive or labour supply effects of a negative income tax plan emerged as an important concern.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-66085-7_2

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